2023年衡水金卷先享题·高三一轮复习夯基卷(河北专版) 历史(一)1答案

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DWhen Joseph Cook first landed on the Greenland ice sheet in 2010,he was expecting to see a primitive whiteenvironment.What he found was "colorful mix"-from blacks and grays to greens,purples and browns,withblue streams cutting through the ice.The rainbow colors Cook encountered are created by a collection of tiny lifeforms that reproduce on the surface of the ice sheet.Biodiversity is usually considered a good thing,but in thiscase the abundance of tiny life is speeding up ice melting,and likely causing global sea levels to rise faster thanscientists have predicted.Cook says the tiny life forms he studies are contributing to the problem.One of these organisms is a kind ofalgae()that grows in the thin layer of water on the surface of the ice.It produces purple-brown pigment(which acts "like a natural sunscreen,"says Cook,protecting the algae from the full force of the Arcticsunlight.The pigment also causes the ice to heat up and melt."If you go out on a hot day wearing a black T-shirt,you get warmer than if you go out on a hot day wearing awhite T-shirt.The same thing happens on the ice,"says Cook."These algae,like the black T-shirt for theglacier,are causing it to warm up in the sun and melt faster."Cook's research on a part of the Greenland ice sheet covering 3,900 square miles revealed that algae areresponsible for up to 13%of the ice melt.In some localized areas,the algae boosted melting by up to 26%."Glacier algae are not a new phenomenon-there are records of them in the diaries of polar explorers from the1870s,says Cook.What's becoming clear is that ice sheets are surprisingly dynamic and complex environments."There are so many questions to answer,says Cook."It's kind of like a theme park for a scientist becausethere's just so much to do."12.What is quickening the ice melting?A.The algae.B.Human activities.C.Global warming.D.Rising sea levels.13.Why is the example of wearing a black T-shirt mentioned?A.To clarify a rule.B.To explain the phenomenon.C.To add humor.D.To make a conclusion.14.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Scientists will avoid exploring polar regions.B.Cook feels proud of the current results.C.A theme park will be built on ice sheets.D.There's a long way for the research into ice sheets.15.From which is the text probably taken?A.A news review.B.A travel brochure.C.A geography textbook.D.A science magazine.【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了Joseph Cook发现冰川藻类是导致冰川融化的罪魁祸首，占冰融化总量的13%。l2.A细节理解题。根据第三段的These algae,.,melt faster.可知，藻类加速了冰的融化。l3.B推理判断题。根据第三段的If you go out on a hot day wearing a black T-shirt..are causing it to warm upin the sun and melt faster..可知，提到穿黑色T恤的例子是为了解释这个现象。l4.D推理判断题。根据最后一段的There are so many questions to answer和It's kind of like a theme park for ascientist because there's just so much to do可知，对冰原的研究还有很长的路要走。15.D推理判断题。本文主要讲的是Joseph Cook发现冰川藻类是冰川融化的罪魁祸首，占冰融化总量的13%，属于自然科学研究成果，因此可能来自一本科学杂志。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）】第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe protected lands of the national parks are some of the most amazing destinations within the United Statesto view some spectacular pieces of nature.Many of these parks have fun family-friendly activities,making themgreat destinations for holidays and summer breaks.Olympic National Park,WAOlympic National Park is a great destination for families to explore the wild beauty.At this park,visitorswill find beautiful beaches,a rainforest,mountains and more.Children will love the wild coastline,with amazingbeaches,and a lot of fascinating sea life.The whole family will love the many hiking trails,the wild beauty of thebeaches throughout the park,and the wildlife within the forest and mountains.Yellowstone National Park,WYYellowstone National Park is the nation's first national park.Visitors can start at one of the Visitor Centersto learn about the abundant wildlife of Yellowstone.Children will love keeping an eye out for elk and bison whiledriving and hiking through the park.Cape Hatteras National Seashore,NCLocated on North Carolina's Outer Banks,the Cape Hatteras National Seashore is an amazing destination forrecreating,relaxing and much more.The seashore has many beautiful beaches for the whole family to explore andenjoy.Visitors can spend vacation time searching for shells,birding,kayaking(划g独木舟)，hiking and more.TheOuter Banks are also an excellent spot to go windsurfing,especially on Hatteras Island.Glacier National Park,MTGlacier National Park is the tenth national park created in the nation.The park offers visitors the opportunityto explore the amazing wilderness of Montana,through biking,hiking,camping,backpacking,boating andmore.The best time of the year to visit is the early summer,as the region is snowy in the winter and hot in thesummer.1.What can you do in the Olympic National Park?A.Visit the park by car.B.Go boating in the park.C.Take a camp trip there.D.Enjoy attractive sea life.2.Which national park has the longest history in America?A.Olympic National Park.B.Yellowstone National Park.C.Cape Hatteras National Seashore.D.Glacier National Park.3.What do Olympic National Park and Cape Hatteras National Seashore have in common?A.Both have beautiful beaches.B.Both offer bird-watching.C.Both are on the same island.D.Both provide windsurfing.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国四个著名的国家公园。l.D细节理解题。根据第二段中At this park,visitors will find beautiful beaches..,and a lot of fascinating seaIif.可知，你能在奥林匹克国家公园欣赏迷人的海洋生物。2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中Yellowstone National Park is the nation's first national park.可知，黄石国家公园是美国历史最悠久的国家公园。3.A细节理解题。根据第二段中At this park,visitors will find beautiful beaches,a rainforest,mountains andmore.以及倒数第二段中The seashore has many beautiful beaches for the whole family to explore and enjoy..可知，这两个公园的共同之处在于都有美丽的海滩。