衡水金卷先享题 2023届调研卷 物理(福建专版)(三)3试题答案

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【答案】BC【解析】由于端粒酶（由RNA和蛋白质形成的复合体）能够将变短的DNA末端重新加长，癌细胞中端粒酶的活动会加强。根据图示信息，端粒酶能以RNA为模板合成DNA,即能催化逆转录过程，但人正常的皮肤生发层细胞和骨骼肌细胞中的端粒酶基因不表达，且不存在逆转录过程。人的生殖细胞经减数分裂产生，也含端粒酶基因。端粒学说认为人体细胞衰老的原因是染色体DNA会随着复制次数增加而逐渐缩短，进而影响细胞的正常代谢，促使细胞衰老。

第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Darrion Cockrell was abandoned by his parents when he was very young and not interested in his studies."Ithought 21 were useless,"he said.He 22 in the street,getting into fights all day.So he was close tobeing sent to a boarding school for 23 youths.Fortunately,his teachers stepped in to fight for him to24 and one of them made sure Darrion would 25 in class by driving him to school every morning for sixmonths 26 her own tiredness.Darrion came to realize how 27 his teachers were and how ridiculous his28 ideas about education were.So he 29 to completely change himself.That wasn't the last time his teachers would 30 him.As he was in seventh grade,the school footballcoach recognized his 31 and love for sports.To give him 32 training,he and his wife took him into theirhome.They actually33 him,letting him live with them through his college years.Out of his 34 for teachers and his talent for sports,Darrion went on to become a PE teacher at anelementary school!He said with a smile of 35 "Not only do I get a paycheck,but I can do something Itruly36.”He took his enthusiasm for 37 a step further by bringing it into his community!He created "Crest-FitTraining",where he 38 leads after-school workout classes for teachers and students'families.He 39started a weekly "Dad's Club Open Gym"event so that fathers could play basketball together.It is no wonder he's been 40 Missouri's 2020 Teacher of the Year!21.A.parentsB.booksC.friendsD.jobs22.A.escapedB.joggedC.wanderedD.worked23.A.troubledB.qualifiedC.addictedD.abused24.A.winB.stayC.stopD.appear25.A.hold upB.stand upC.cheer upD.show up26.A.instead ofB.regardless ofC.in addition toD.in return for27.A.confidentB.ambitiousC.attractiveD.unselfish28.A.previousB.specificC.creativeD.abstract29.A.decidedB.daredC.hesitatedD.failed30.A.interruptB.greetC.transformD.comfort31.A.achievementB.giftC.arrangementD.courage32.A.normalB.appropriateC.extraD.possible33.A.raisedB.advertisedC.believedD.challenged34.A.praiseB.sympathyC.respectD.assistance35.A.approvalB.politenessC.bitternessD.satisfaction36.A.needB.loveC.insistD.lack37.A.nursingB.volunteeringC.teachingD.studying38.A.activelyB.finallyC.easilyD.probably39.A.stillB.everC.yetD.also40.A.guaranteedB.shownC.recordedD.awarded【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。Darrion Cockrell在很小的时候被父母抛弃，对学习也不感兴趣，整天在街上闲逛，后来在多位老师的一路帮助下，他成为了一名体育教师，而且他还积极将体育活动带入社区。他被授予密苏里州2020年度教师。2l.B根据本句前文Darrion Cockrell.,not interested in his studies..可知，他认为读书没有用。22.C前文谈到他对学习不感兴趣，本空后面也谈到getting into fights all day,.说明他整天无所事事，在街上闲逛。wander'“闲進”。23.A前文谈到Darrion对学习不感兴趣，整天在街上打架斗殴，因此他成为了一名问题少年。troubled“麻烦多的”。24.B本空前面谈到他差点被送到一所问题少年寄宿学校，本空在谈：幸运的是，他的老师们挺身而出，争取让他留了下来。25.D前文谈到Darrion的老师出面阻止他被送到问题少年寄宿学校。本句在谈他的一位老师连续六个月每天早上开车送他去学校，以确保他能准时出现在教室里。show up'“出现；出席”。26.B老师连续六个月每天早上开车送他去学校，肯定会很辛苦，但老师并不在乎疲劳。instead of“代替”；regardless of“不顾”；in addition to“除…之外（还）”；in return for“作为…的回报”。27.D Darrion慢慢地意识到老师们为他所做的一切是多么的无私。28.A前文谈到Darrion认为读书没有用，本空在谈：Darrion看到老师们对他无微不至的关怀，他意识到自己之前对教育的看法是多么的荒唐。29.A在老师的帮助下，Darrion意识到自己以前的做法不正确，决定改变自己。30.C上文谈到Darrion的老师对他的帮助，他慢慢地意识到之前的错误。本段在谈学校足球教练和教练的妻子对他的帮助。因此本句承接上段说：这并不是他最后一次被老师改变。transform“改变”。3l.B根据后文.his talent for sports可知，Darrion有体育天赋，talent与gift同义。32.C句意：为了给他额外的训练，学校的足球教练和他的妻子把他带回家。33.A根据本空后的letting him live with them through his college years可知，这对夫妇实际上抚养了他。raise“抚养”。34.C Darrion一路以来得到了老师们的帮助，他对老师肯定很尊敬。句意：出于对老师的尊敬和他在体育方面的天赋，Darrion后来成为了一所小学的体育老师。35.D根据本句后面Darrion所说的内容Not only do I get a paycheck,but I can do something.可知，他对自己的工作很满意。36.B根据前文.and love for sports和后文He took his enthusiasm for...可知，Darrion对体育非常热爱。37.C根据前文Darrion went on to become a PE teacher at an elementary school可知，他把对体育教学的热爱进一步带入到社区里。38.A前文谈到了他对体育教学很热爱。句意：他创立了Crest-Fit Training培训班，积极为老师和学生家长开设课后健身班。39.D上文谈到他创立了Crest-Fit Training培训班。句意：他还开始了每周一次的Dad's Club Open Gym活动，让爸爸们能在一起打篮球。40.D上文介绍了Darrion在多位老师的帮助下，从一个问题少年成为了一名体育教师，并大力推广体育教育。句意：难怪他被授予密苏里州2020年度教师。award“授予”。4